according to reports, recently learned from the university of science and technology of china, the school professor ma cheng has developed a new solid electrolyte, its comprehensive performance and the current most advanced sulfide, chloride solid electrolyte similar, but the cost is less than 4% of the latter, suitable for industrial applications. on june 27, the results were published in the internationally renowned academic journal nature communications. according to the researchers, lithium zirconium oxychloride can achieve similar performance to the current most advanced sulfide and chloride solid electrolytes at the lowest cost, which is of great significance to the industrialization of all-solid lithium batteries.
ma cheng has introduced that the solid electrolyte in the solid lithium battery can eliminate the "flammable and explosive" and leakage problems caused by the liquid electrolyte, and achieve safe energy storage. solid electrolyte is the most core component of solid state lithium battery, but its production cost and comprehensive performance are often not compatible, difficult to meet the commercial needs.
"although solid-state lithium batteries have higher safety, the raw material costs of their core components - solid electrolytes are mostly very high, and a considerable part of solid electrolytes with good performance are not stable to humidity, and need to be prepared and stored in an environment with a dew point of no more than minus 40 degrees celsius, greatly increasing the production cost." ma cheng admitted that this brings great challenges to the commercialization of all-solid-state batteries.
super strong all-solid-state lithium battery electrolyte comes out
according to anhui daily, in order to meet the needs of practical applications, the solid electrolyte of all-solid-state lithium batteries needs to have at least three conditions at the same time: high ionic conductivity - more than 1 millisiemens per centimeter at room temperature, good deformability - to achieve more than 90% dense at 250 to 350 mpa, and low enough cost - less than $50 per kilogram. however, the oxide, sulfide and chloride solid electrolytes that have been widely studied at present cannot meet these conditions at the same time.
in this study, ma no longer focused on any of the above-mentioned oxides, sulfides and chlorides, but turned to oxychlorides and designed and synthesized a new solid electrolyte - lithium zirconium oxychloride. this material has a strong cost advantage. if it is synthesized with hydrated lithium hydroxide, lithium chloride, zirconium chloride, its raw material cost is only 11.6 us dollars per kilogram, which well meets the above requirements of 50 us dollars per kilogram. if it is synthesized with hydrated zirconium chloride, lithium chloride, and zirconium chloride, the cost of lithium zirconium chloride can be further reduced to about $7 per kilogram, which is far lower than the current most cost-effective solid electrolyte lithium zirconium chloride ($10.78 per kilogram), and less than 4% of sulfide and rare earth and indium chloride solid electrolytes.
while having a strong cost advantage, the comprehensive performance of lithium zirconium oxychloride is comparable to the most advanced sulfide and chloride solid electrolytes. its room-temperature ionic conductivity is as high as 2.42 millisiemens per centimeter, which exceeds the 1 millisiemens per centimeter required for applications, and is among the top of all solid-state electrolytes reported so far. at the same time, its good deformability makes the material reach 94.2% dense under 300 mpa pressure, which can well meet the application needs, and is also better than the sulfide and chloride solid electrolytes known for their easy deformability.
experiments have proved that the all-solid-state lithium battery composed of lithium zirconium oxychloride and high-nickel ternary positive electrode shows extremely excellent performance: under the condition of 12 minutes of fast charging, the battery still successfully stable more than 2000 cycles at room temperature.
at present, there are also a number of battery companies, vehicle companies and research institutes in china, which have laid out the upstream and downstream of the solid-state battery industry chain. however, based on the technical difficulty and high cost of all-solid-state batteries, most chinese enterprises take a progressive r & d route from semi-solid state to solid state, and the current progress is mostly focused on semi-solid-state batteries.
japan's all-solid-state battery has made a new breakthroug
on the road to solid state lithium battery industrialization, japanese companies are more radical.
at the beginning of june this year, toyota announced the latest plan for the commercialization of solid-state batteries, as early as 2027, toyota will put on the market with solid-state battery electric vehicles, charging less than 10 minutes can travel about 1,200 kilometers.
nissan plans to launch its first production model with solid-state batteries in 2028; honda plans to start an experimental production line of solid-state batteries in 2024, and the batteries produced will be used in models launched in the second half of the 2020s, with an investment of 43 billion yen (about 2.1 billion yuan)
according to interface news reported on july 16, recently, a research team composed of special professor kanno ji and others at tokyo institute of technology, japan, successfully improved the fast charging performance and capacity of all-solid-state batteries. the research was achieved by developing new basic materials and re-studying manufacturing processes, and the related articles were published in the american journal science.
the above research of tokyo institute of technology in japan, the use of high-entropy material design and development of a high ion conductivity of solid electrolyte, by increasing the composition of the known lithium fast ion conductor complexity, so that lithium ion conductivity is about 2.3-3.8 times that of traditional materials, so as to shorten the battery charging time. this means that the indicators affecting battery charging performance can be up to 3.8 times higher than the current conventional battery, which is the highest level in the world.
in addition, the research team has improved the manufacturing process, and the negative electrode uses lithium metal instead of traditional graphite, so that the positive electrode capacity is 1.8 times higher than the current unit electrode area. the trial-produced all-solid-state battery has a battery capacity of more than 20 mah per square centimeter electrode, which is also the highest level announced in the world.
source: national business daily author: bi luming
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